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Writing and Defense
University
Fundamentals of academic writing and oral defense. Source: Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0).
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What you need to know
Read the full theory →Definition and Types of Writing
- Writing: expression of messages through written language.
- Difference from composition: writing is the recording of what was thought/agreed upon; composition is artistic creation with freedom and originality.
- Writing as editing: the combination and modification of multiple sources for a final work.
- Writing as redaction: the removal of confidential content (e.g., freedom of information laws).
Writing Techniques and Processes
- Addition of original elements: to adjust conclusions, integrate stories, or create narrative frames.
- Modification for coherence: adjusting source texts with alternative versions so that the result is uniform.
- Documentary hypothesis: a theory proposing multiple redactions combining texts with rival political objectives.
Requirements of Written Communication
- The written word is the instrument of individual expression and human communication.
- Limitations of writing: lacks the nuances of oral language (tone, gestures, silences, repetition).
- Nature of writing: it is a rigid and collectivized manifestation that requires precision.
Communication Process
- Sender (Speaker/Writer):
- Internally detail the message based on a purpose (thinking, choosing, prioritizing).
- Encode the message using a code (language).
- Express the information through vocabulary (spoken) or graphics/text (written).
- Receiver (Listener/Reader):
- Receiving information through listening or reading.
- Deciphering the sender's intent through comprehension.
- Responding to the received message (the response does not always return to the sender).
Flashcard preview (6 of 20)
- 01
Definition of redaction as a form of editing:
Combining and slightly modifying multiple text sources to create a single document.
- 02
Common objective of redaction as an editing method:
Creating a definitive and coherent work from writings on a similar topic.
- 03
Use of redaction to remove content (alternative term):
Sanitization.
- 04
How is information removed by redaction visualized in classified documents?
Black rectangles.
- 05
Academic definition of to redact:
Putting into writing things that happened, were agreed upon, or were thought of previously.
- 06
Key difference between redacting and composing:
Composition allows for creating or combining elements with complete freedom and originality.
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