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Veterinary Medicine

University

Introduction to the Degree in Veterinary Medicine. Source: Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0).

30 flashcards18 quiz questions6 summary sections

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Definition, etymology, and history of veterinary medicine

  • Definition: Application of medicine to animals (prevention, diagnosis, and treatment)
  • Species: Covers both domestic and wild animals
  • Differentiation: The animal scientist focuses on agricultural productivity; it is not equivalent to the medical doctor
  • Technicians: Referred to as veterinary technician, veterinary technologist, or veterinary nurse
  • Etymology: Derived from the Latin veterinarius (healer of beasts of burden)
  • Etymology: From the Arabic term albéitar, referring to a horse healer
  • Ancient records: Lahun Papyri (1900 B.C.) and Vedic literature from India
  • Ashoka's Edict: Mandate for specific medicines for humans and animals
  • Initial regulation: Focused on horses; the Farriers' Guild was created in 1674
  • First anatomy treatise: Anatomia del Cavallo by Carlo Ruini (1598)
  • First faculty: National Veterinary School of Lyon (1761)
  • Other early faculties: Padua (1765), Vienna (1768), Turin (1769)
  • Odiham Agricultural Society: Founded in 1783; promoted the scientific study of farriery in 1785
  • Royal College of Veterinary Surgeons (UK): Established in 1844
  • Modern research: Sir John McFadyean (late 19th century)
  • Schools in the U.S.: Boston, New York, and Philadelphia (19th century)
  • 2025 Ranking: Includes universities in London, UC Davis, Cornell, Colorado, Edinburgh, Guelph, Bern/Zurich, Pennsylvania, and Texas A&M

History of veterinary education in Argentina and Brazil

  • Origin: Bovine epizootic in 1900 (Buenos Aires)
  • Creation: Higher Institute of Agronomy and Veterinary Medicine by decree of August 19, 1904
  • Inauguration: September 25, 1904
  • First dean: Pedro N. Arata (chemist and physician)
  • First professional dean: Daniel Inchausti (1924-1927)
  • Incorporation into the UBA: May 10, 1909 (Faculty category)
  • Separation of careers: Law 19.908 (October 23, 1972)
  • Faculty of Veterinary Sciences: Effective separation in 1973
  • First dean of the Faculty of Veterinary Sciences: Guillermo C. Lucas
  • Brazil: First use of stem cells in wild animals in 2011

Origin and evolution of the veterinary school in Mexico

  • Foundation: August 17, 1853 by Santa Anna's decree 4001.
  • Initial location: Colegio Nacional de Agricultura.
  • Practice requirement: Mandatory degree after 6 years of establishment (graduated at 10 years).
  • Duration of the degree: 4 years after secondary school.
  • Main focus: Equine medicine.
  • Curriculum designer: Pascal Eugène Bergeyre.
  • Core textbook: Cours d' Hippiatrique by Philippe Etinne Lafosse.
  • Commencement of academic activities: February 22, 1854 at the San Jacinto hospice.
  • Director in 1856: Leopoldo Río de la Loza.
  • Duration of marshal training: 3 years.
  • Duration of teacher training: 5 years.
  • First students: 7 students who started on April 9, 1858.
  • Director 1861-1867: Juan N. Navarro.

History of Veterinary Medicine education in Chile, Spain, and Argentina

  • Chile: Military start on May 1, 1898 (3-year courses)
  • Chile: Military School of Veterinary Medicine created in 1905
  • Chile: Transition to civil on November 10, 1915 (Supreme Decree No. 1853)
  • Chile: First university degree: University of Chile (1928)
  • Chile: 14 universities offered the degree in 2023
  • Chile: Reference institution: Association of Faculties and Schools of Veterinary Sciences of Chile
  • Chile: San Marcos Regional University: active 2004-2011
  • Chile: Iberoamerican University of Science and Technology: active 1991-2021
  • Chile: University of the Pacific: scheduled closure in 2022
  • Spain: Roman origins with the *medicus equarius*
  • Spain: Fernando de Palencia (1489): the world's first official military veterinarian
  • Spain: Marshals integrated into the Tercios reales (Royal Tercios) under Philip II
  • Spain: Text on the healing of arquebus wounds in horses in 1661
  • Spain: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine in Madrid founded by Royal Order of 1835 (preceding school in 1792)
  • Argentina: Beginning in Lomas de Zamora through Law 1.424 of September 13, 1881
  • Argentina: First faculty of veterinary medicine in South America

History and Roles of Veterinary Medicine in Argentina

  • Foundation: August 6, 1883 (School of Agronomy, Veterinary Medicine and Studs)
  • Autonomy: The Faculty of Veterinary Medicine became independent on January 1, 1921
  • Founding Law: Law 4.699 (1985) promoted by Joaquín Víctor González
  • National Universities: 13 institutions (includes UBA, UNLP, UNR, UNT, etc.)
  • Private Universities: 5 institutions (includes USAL, UCCOR, UCCYYOSL, UCASAL, UMAZA)
  • Definition: The veterinarian is the professional responsible for animal health
  • Key functions: Diagnosis, treatment, bromatology, epidemiology, and teaching
  • Assistance: The veterinarian may delegate tasks to veterinary assistants or technicians
  • Species treated: Companion, production, and wildlife animals
  • Management: Capacity to direct and advise zoos and wildlife preserves

Professional profile and competencies of the veterinarian and veterinary technician

  • Veterinarian: must respect ethical, sociocultural, and legal frameworks
  • Veterinarian priority: animal welfare
  • Competencies in agrifood: design, management, and quality control
  • Industrial focus: hygienic-sanitary determination in slaughterhouses and poultry production
  • Undergraduate objectives: high-quality training, multidisciplinary teams, and university extension
  • Veterinary technician: collaborates in clinics and facilities of small and medium scale
  • Technician status: always under the supervision of a veterinarian
  • Technician function: assist and support medical procedures
  • Technical requirement: Higher Level Technician in Veterinary Medicine degree
  • Minimum study duration for technician: 3 years

Flashcard preview (6 of 30)

  1. 01

    Etymology: According to Cato, what were the 'veterinae'?

    Beasts of burden (aged animals).

  2. 02

    In what year was the first complete treatise on the anatomy of a non-human species (Anatomia del Cavallo) published?

    1598

  3. 03

    In what year was the first veterinary faculty (National Veterinary School of Lyon) founded?

    1761

  4. 04

    Who is credited by many as the founder of modern veterinary research?

    Sir John McFadyean

  5. 05

    In veterinary medicine, what term is used for the technical professional?

    Veterinary technician, veterinary technologist, or veterinary nurse.

  6. 06

    In what year was a foot-and-mouth disease epizootic declared in the south of the province of Buenos Aires?

    1900

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